What Happens to Trade-Weighted Dollar (Broad) When GDP Contracts?
What happens to markets, policy, and the economy when real GDP contracts? Historical playbook for recession quarters, with current data.
How Trade-Weighted Dollar (Broad) Responds
Scenario Background
Real GDP contraction (negative quarter-over-quarter annualized growth) is the most widely-tracked signal that economic activity is shrinking. While two consecutive quarters of contraction is the colloquial "technical recession" definition, the NBER Business Cycle Dating Committee uses a broader framework incorporating income, employment, and industrial production.
Read full scenario analysis →Historical Context
Every NBER-dated recession since 1947 has featured at least one contracting quarter. The 2008-2009 Great Recession saw four consecutive contractions totaling roughly -4% peak-to-trough. The 2020 COVID recession produced a single catastrophic Q2 contraction of -31% annualized, followed by a record Q3 rebound. The 2022 "technical recession" (Q1 and Q2 negative) was eventually not classified as an NBER recession because income, employment, and industrial production stayed firm. The 1973-1975 recess...
What to Watch For
- •Two consecutive negative quarters confirming recession dynamics
- •Unemployment rising 0.5+ percentage points from its cycle low
- •ISM Manufacturing below 45 confirming factory recession
- •Yield curve un-inverting as Fed pivots to cuts
- •Leading Economic Index six-month change exceeding negative 2%
Other Assets When GDP Contracts
Other Scenarios Affecting Trade-Weighted Dollar (Broad)
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